Teaching to Fight

Teaching to fight

By ANDREW GREENE

October 23, 2006

America

Books aren’t just for learning anymore. Hardcovers and paperbacks along with pens, scissors, pencils, chairs, and desks are being turned into weapons in some American schools.

Recent attacks in Pennsylvania and Colorado in which lone gunmen singled out school girls for sexual assault before killing themselves are the impetus for the aggressive new stance that some schools are taking.

In Texas, The Independent School District of Burleson has hired the security company Response Options to train students to take control of school siege situations. The students are learning to throw chairs, stab with pencils, and rush attackers.

“What we are teaching here is for the children to not allow the predator to take control,” Robin Browne, a major with the British Army, who helped design the training, was quoted on freerepublic.com as having said. “They actually become the superior, the dominant party in the room, and it is actually the gunman who becomes the prey. If you have got 15 sixth, seventh and eighth graders, they can be an incredibly effective weapon."

In Oklahoma City, a candidate for state superintendent of schools along with some aides produced a 10-minute video in which they shot textbooks and telephone books with an AK-47 and a 9 mm pistol.

Republican Bill Crozier was quoted by Associated Press as saying, "People might think it's kind of weird, crazy. It is a practical thing; it's something you can do. It might be a way to deflect those bullets until police go there."

Crozier, according to the AP, has promised that if he is elected he will mandate that used textbooks be stored under every student’s desk for self-defense purposes. In Crozier’s video, pistol bullets were stopped by a single book while the rifle bullets were able to penetrate two books.

Indonesia

Concern about school safety is not solely an American concern.

Although there is not the same history of school violence in Indonesia as there is in America, there are child abductions and bullying.

In Jakarta some feel the schools need to consider implementing self-defense training policies.

Benefits

Antonious Sunaryo, the head police officer of Pasar Minggu in South Jakarta, says that such training would be beneficial for children. “Self-defense training is advantageous for children in both the short term and the long term,” the officer said in Indonesian. “Immediately, the students would be better prepared to defend themselves. At the same time they would gain a confidence that lasts a lifetime.”

Martial arts and self-defense trainer Yuri Amadin agrees, “Yes, but we must be realistic. For real life situations the basic skills of the three Olympic combat sports, boxing, wrestling, and judo will need to be taught. Once the concepts of punching, kicking, clinching, and ground grappling have been learned the children can graduate to impact and blade weapons.”

Amadin says that six to nine months would be required before the students were skilled enough to move onto weapons, “People think it is easy to learn how to defend against a weapon. They’re completely wrong. Try it yourself, give a five year old a marker and ask them to try to ‘stab’ and ‘slice’ you. You’ll end up with ink all over yourself.”

“The children have got to get the concepts of fighting down,” the American trained instructor continued. “Many people are technique collectors. They collect techniques as if they were collecting electronic gadgets. But when they are faced with a real confrontation they fall apart. People need to focus on the concepts, not the techniques.”

Likewise, Indonesian mother Rafi Hayati likes the idea of her nine-year-old daughter being taught self defense. “I’d love for her to learn it for protection. I worry. I’ve already taught Tika how to kick and punch a man in the penis. It would also be good for her to learn how to remain calm in stressful situations.”

Age restrictions

Students of different ages will require different training according to the experts. Officer Sunaryo says that children from kindergarten to grade four should not be taught any fighting skills. Instead they can learn other self-defense skills.

“The younger children need to learn how to avoid attacks and how to survive them, if need be,” he said. “We need to teach them how to recognize dangerous situations and how to scream as loud as they can and find a person of authority when they need help.”

Amadin agrees that the children below 14 years of age should not be taught too many attacking skills. “They can’t be taught submissions, such as bone breaking bone, but they can learn defensive skills and positional concepts so that they will be able to avoid attacks and hold and control the attacker until help arrives.”

“Once someone reaches 15 or so they can be taught submissions and other more aggressive techniques,” Amadin said. “These can be added to the foundation that the students have previously built.”

Though targeting younger learners Sunaryo too believes in building upon previously acquired skills. “In grade five the students can begin to learn fighting skills.”

The coaching team

Sunaryo, Amadin, and Hayati all emphasized that parents and the police need to be involved in students’ self-defense training.

Amadin said, “In order to teach some advanced techniques a parent’s permission is needed. Also, parents are very important in helping the students steer clear of irresponsible behavior with the fighting skills they are learning.”

“Parents must instill good values by being role models: teaching the kids not to have excuses and reasons as a victim does, but instead giving them the ownership of a victor.”

Hayati would like the parents to be notified of any such training, saying, “I understand that this may be controversial for some families, so the school should let the parents know about the training and not make it mandatory.”

Sunaryo says that the police are instrumental to the success of this training. He believes that the police know how to spot the patterns of kidnappers and other criminals. The police, he says, are able to help children and their parents acquire this skill.

Amadin would like to see police involvement too, believing that they would be able to help the students become familiar with various firearms. “If we are to train students how to overcome a person with a gun, we need to teach them how guns operate. They need to not freeze up when they see one and they need to understand how they fire and where the safeties are.”

Repairing the Faces of Indonesia

Repairing the Faces of Indonesia

By ANDREW GREENE

JAKARTA – His eye strengthened by a jeweler’s loupe, his body clad in blue, and his learned hands gloved in lemon, the recreational jazz guitarist needs just 45 minutes to close a cleft and bring confidence to the indigent.

In seven years, Dr. Theddeus O.H. Prasetyono has notched close to 400 cleft surgeries in his scalpel and the Surabaya native plans on performing thousands more.

“I am fortunate to be a plastic surgeon,” the right-handed 39 year-old says in English. “I feel there needs to be a built-in motivation for every plastic surgeon working in Indonesia to help our nation’s high number of cleft patients. Both the adults and the infants”

The still single surgeon, who goes by Teddy, is the Secretary General of the Indonesian Association of Plastic Surgeons. The IAPS works with the government run Jaring Pengaman Sosial (Social Safety Net) and the Dharmais Foundation to assist such patients.

“Our strength is helping those who have congenital disfigurements such as cleft lip or palette,” the Airlangga University graduate explained. “We educate parents and families about feeding difficulties babies with cleft have, potential ear problems due to their Eustachian tubes not draining properly, and social challenges those with cleft face. To receive funding, JPS and the Dharmais Foundation require that the patients obtain a letter verifying their low economic status from their local administrator.”

Currently, there are approximately 285,000 Indonesians who have a cleft lip, cleft palette, or both. With 1.25 per 1,000 Indonesian births being affected by CL/CP, the archipelago is home to nearly 6,000 new cases every year. The rate of occurrence for Indonesians, and for Asians in general, is 20 percent higher than that for Caucasians and more than double that for those of African ancestry

While the fetus is developing, the right and left sides of the lip and the roof of the mouth normally grow together. However, for some, the sections do not come together and a separation remains. This is a cleft.

An infant with a separation in the upper lip has a cleft lip while one with the defect in the roof of the mouth has a cleft palette. Since the lip and the palette develop independently of one another, a child may be born with a cleft in the lip, the palette, or both.

Teddy, who has trained in Australia and America, believes life has improved for those with a cleft. “In the larger cities,” the doctor said. “Adults with cleft are socialized though they normally have a low-economic status due to their poor education. Kids with cleft are teased at school and therefore, academically, they perform poorly.”

Outside the cities the condition is much darker. “Many remain superstitious in the villages and believe that babies with cleft are cursed,” the diminutive man who has always wanted to be a doctor elaborated. “I’ve heard that some parents still hide their children in their homes if this happens.”

To combat this situation, IAPS sends Teddy and others on nationwide surgery tours. “We travel together in teams of 11 to 13 people,” he explained. “There are six plastic surgeons, two or three anesthesiologists, and four nurses. Local personnel also commonly work with us. During such tours we can operate on 80 to 120 patients in four days.”

Like most doctors, Teddy works long hours.

By day he works at the University of Indonesia. From within the depths of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, UI’s teaching hospital, Teddy leads a team made up of an anesthesiologist, a pair of nurses, and himself. With the work of jazz guitarist Lee Ritenour drifting through the operating theater’s air, the surgeon operates twice daily, six days a week.

Teddy feels that everything he does at UI, from the counseling to the surgery to the follow-up, is teaching. There are currently 25 residents learning their craft from the doctor.

By night he builds his private practice from room 105 at Mitra Kemayoran Hospital in North Jakarta. The doctor says half of his clients come to him with purely aesthetic desires. These types of patients are often the most complicated for him due to their psychological demands.

“Counseling is very important for patients who are within the so-called ‘normal range,’ Teddy said. “Through counseling, I turn down perhaps two of these patients a month. Not every condition will be overcome through surgery.”

The other half of the patients requires reconstructive surgery. Surgically speaking, burn victims are the greatest test. “After their lives have been saved, plastic surgery becomes very important for them,” he explained. “Tendons in the hand are often destroyed by the fire and donated tendons are nearly always rejected so we must rely on transferring tendons from the same hand. Unfortunately, most of the time all of the tendons have been burnt.”

The 70-hour work weeks do not trouble Teddy. He is passionate about his profession, saying, “It was like falling in love the first time observing my teacher help burn patients. I saw there is a sense of art to it. That’s when I knew I was to be a plastic surgeon.”

This article was first published in KABAR Magazine which can be found at bookstores throughout Jakarta. It is a fine magazine that deserves a look at.